What are the advantages of I-beam

The I-beam is an open-web type member. For high-strength materials, the open-web type is better than the solid-web type because it is lighter and saves materials, labor and time. This section design mainly uses the flange furthest from the centroid to resist the bending moment (because the farther the flange is, the greater the moment of inertia is generated), and the web is mainly used to resist the shear force. As for the inconvenience of doing it, it can be solved by factoryization, stereotyped moldization. Saving materials, labor and time is the benefit.

A beam is placed horizontally on the two supports. When the beam is pressed downward perpendicular to the axis, the beam will bend. Compression deformation occurs at the upper part of the beam, that is, compressive stress occurs, and the closer it is to the upper edge, the more severe the compression; the tension deformation occurs at the lower part of the beam, that is, tensile stress occurs, and the closer it is to the lower edge, the more serious the tension. The middle layer is neither stretched nor compressed, so there is no stress. Since the neutral layer has little contribution to bending resistance, I-beams are often used in engineering applications instead of square beams, and hollow tubes are used instead of solid columns.